Witnessing violence on television or in video games really pales in comparison to witnessing violence in real life situations. Children who have been exposed to violence, such as neighborhood shootings, abusive parents, bullying at school, and so on, may develop signs of post-traumatic stress disorder, more commonly known as PTSD. PTSD leads to poor grades, difficulty concentrating, severe depression, and sometimes suicide if it is not managed with proper coping skills. Children who have witnessed real life violence are in serious danger mentally and emotionally.
Psychologists use a particular training method called "cognitive behavior therapy" to teach children skills to cope with violence. It is not as difficult as it sounds, and many psychologists are trained in the methods of cognitive behavior therapy. In fact, parents and teachers use these methods all the time without knowing it because there are sensible ways to raise children who cope with difficult situations.
Coping Skill #1: Face Fear in a Safe Environment
Children who do not face their fears internalize them, which may destroy their developing sense of self. However, these fears must be faced in a safe environment with a supportive adult who can work with the child to understand the fear.
For instance, if a child is afraid to go to school because of violence created by bullies, a caring adult can lead the child to talk about how they feel. Identifying triggers such as seeing the kid who beats up other kids, walking alone in the hallway or home from school, or hearing the bell for lunch time, helps the child and adult to diffuse the fear and understand what is going on inside their heads and hearts.
The coping skill the child learns through this exercise is how to distinguish between situations which really pose a threat and situations which are not threatening but still cause fear. Imagined threats can be solved with the child's own inner strengths. Truly bad situations must be solved through other interventions.
Coping Skill #2: Effective Social Problem Solving
If children are the victims of violence, they may have trouble relating to peers and adults because proper models of effective social interaction do not exist in their world. Even minor conflicts may cause outbursts. Cognitive behavior therapists teach children how to cope with social interactions.
The therapist starts with examples such as stories which detail problem situations. The child is asked leading questions as to how the characters should solve the problem peacefully. Through these learning exercises, the adult leads the child into considering all sides of the situation before deciding on an action.
Proper social problem-solving skills may help the child avoid violence, but they will certainly help the child manage his or her reaction to violence if it does happen. There are situations in which no coping skills will help avoid conflict but most of the time problems can be solved peacefully.
Coping Strategy #3: Create a Support Network for the Child
Ideally, the child's parents or direct guardians will be involved in all efforts to help the child cope with violence. This type of support network in which everyone is working toward the goal of a healthy child is far more effective than simply teaching the child a few strategies and letting him loose.
Any lesson which is taught by a professional must be carried over into the child's everyday life. This is where a support network of caring adults reinforces the lessons and encourages the child to think for himself and solve problems.
The support network also provides safety for the child. He knows where to go if the only solution is to avoid a violent confrontation. He also knows where to go if fear and conflict become unmanageable. These caring adults must never put the child down for poor coping skills; these skills are learned over a lifetime, after exposure to many life situations.
Deal with Depression and PTSD Immediately
It is very important for adults to learn the signs of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder if they know a child has been exposed to violence. These emotional disorders can lead to suicide if they are not treated properly. If you think a child who has been exposed to violence is in danger, talk to a qualified psychologist or other trained professional immediately.
You must always keep in mind that coping skills are not learned overnight. They require much practice and loving support from caring adults. Encourage the child to talk about feelings in a safe and non-threatening way. This will help externalize feelings about violence and help them learn a very good skill for solving emotional problems.
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The Role of Denial in Anger Management
| By Ch.hamza
Anger can be like an addiction in that people are very creative in finding all sorts of rationales for their anger and why they don't need anger management. At times it can almost appear as if they are in denial about their anger management issues. Part of the reason for this is that the way our behavior looks to us on the inside can look a whole lot different to someone on the receiving end of things.
I was in denial about my anger management problem, thinking that other people were too sensitive and that they were the ones with the problem. Sometimes people are too sensitive but when you think that pretty much everyone in your life is too sensitive (as I did) you may be in denial about the need for anger management.
Two things happened that woke me up about my need for anger control. The first occurred about 18 years ago when I was working with a couple and all of a sudden the wife just went off on her husband. It was just like looking at myself - she used the same tone of voice, the same language, had the same look in her eyes and the same body language that I used. I was absolutely shocked at how powerful and scary her reaction was. But that wasn't enough for me to realize that I had an anger management problem.
Several days later I was on the phone with a friend of mine and raised my voice, not in anger, but just because of the story I was telling him. All of a sudden my dog jumped off the chair and ran under the bed. It was then that I realized I had an anger management issue. I mean if your own dog is scared of you things are pretty bad.
So, with that in mind, lets quickly review some of the stories people with anger management problems tell themselves to minimize or justify their anger.
ANGER MYTHS
1) Venting, or taking it out on others, decreases anger. This actually reinforces the neural networks associated with anger. Becoming angry actually makes it more likely that you will get angry again.
2) Strong anger is necessary to get people to listen to me. Do you like it when others treat you with scorn? People may go along with you in the short term just to get you off their back in the end anger only produces bitterness and resentment.
3) If I don't get angry, I don't care. Anger certainly shows that you're paying attention. But does anger really get the job done any quicker or show that you care about a problem or them? Care can be shown with by being firm and patient. You can be strong without being having anger control problems.
4) Someone who makes me angry is worthless and deserves what they have coming to them. When you make mistakes do you feel like you deserve to get blasted? Treating someone as if they have no value by calling them names or saying they can't do anything right just makes it easier for you not to feel bad yourself. People with anger management problems often have low self esteem and will put someone else down to feel better about themselves. This is sort of akin to having a drink to solve your problems - it makes you feel better in the moment but does nothing to help with the real problem.
5) Showing less anger means I think the other person is right. Or, using anger management means that you are learning ways to deal with others more coolly, constructively and in the end, more effectively. Again, who do you respect more - someone who blasts you or someone who treats you with respect?
6) Every day brings all sorts of problems for me to deal with. This is true for all of us. Every day also brings a lot of good things too. The problem is what we focus on and what we tell ourselves about it that causes anger management problems.
7) Depression is anger turned inward. Actually for many depression is anger turned outward. Depressed people often show higher levels of anger and anxiety. They often struggle with anger management because its just so uncomfortable to be in their skin or because their coping resources are so depleted all they are capable of doing when stressed is lash out in anger. People struggling with anger management issues are two to three times more likely to have a psychiatric illness such as depression than those who do not struggle with anger.
I was in denial about my anger management problem, thinking that other people were too sensitive and that they were the ones with the problem. Sometimes people are too sensitive but when you think that pretty much everyone in your life is too sensitive (as I did) you may be in denial about the need for anger management.
Two things happened that woke me up about my need for anger control. The first occurred about 18 years ago when I was working with a couple and all of a sudden the wife just went off on her husband. It was just like looking at myself - she used the same tone of voice, the same language, had the same look in her eyes and the same body language that I used. I was absolutely shocked at how powerful and scary her reaction was. But that wasn't enough for me to realize that I had an anger management problem.
Several days later I was on the phone with a friend of mine and raised my voice, not in anger, but just because of the story I was telling him. All of a sudden my dog jumped off the chair and ran under the bed. It was then that I realized I had an anger management issue. I mean if your own dog is scared of you things are pretty bad.
So, with that in mind, lets quickly review some of the stories people with anger management problems tell themselves to minimize or justify their anger.
ANGER MYTHS
1) Venting, or taking it out on others, decreases anger. This actually reinforces the neural networks associated with anger. Becoming angry actually makes it more likely that you will get angry again.
2) Strong anger is necessary to get people to listen to me. Do you like it when others treat you with scorn? People may go along with you in the short term just to get you off their back in the end anger only produces bitterness and resentment.
3) If I don't get angry, I don't care. Anger certainly shows that you're paying attention. But does anger really get the job done any quicker or show that you care about a problem or them? Care can be shown with by being firm and patient. You can be strong without being having anger control problems.
4) Someone who makes me angry is worthless and deserves what they have coming to them. When you make mistakes do you feel like you deserve to get blasted? Treating someone as if they have no value by calling them names or saying they can't do anything right just makes it easier for you not to feel bad yourself. People with anger management problems often have low self esteem and will put someone else down to feel better about themselves. This is sort of akin to having a drink to solve your problems - it makes you feel better in the moment but does nothing to help with the real problem.
5) Showing less anger means I think the other person is right. Or, using anger management means that you are learning ways to deal with others more coolly, constructively and in the end, more effectively. Again, who do you respect more - someone who blasts you or someone who treats you with respect?
6) Every day brings all sorts of problems for me to deal with. This is true for all of us. Every day also brings a lot of good things too. The problem is what we focus on and what we tell ourselves about it that causes anger management problems.
7) Depression is anger turned inward. Actually for many depression is anger turned outward. Depressed people often show higher levels of anger and anxiety. They often struggle with anger management because its just so uncomfortable to be in their skin or because their coping resources are so depleted all they are capable of doing when stressed is lash out in anger. People struggling with anger management issues are two to three times more likely to have a psychiatric illness such as depression than those who do not struggle with anger.
Criticism Training
| By Ch.hamza
The dictionary definition of criticism is to openly find fault with. If you follow that description its no wonder that criticism often causes the person being criticized to become angry. Given that most people haven't received any training in how to offer criticism its really not all that surprising that it's the cause of so much anger. Because of this, training in how to give criticism should be an important part of any anger management class.
Offering criticism can be even more stressful than receiving it. Studies have shown that people who are about to offer criticism are often concerned that they or the other person may get angry at them and that they will not know how to manage that other person's anger.
One way to avoid all this stress and anger is to redefine criticism. A number of research studies have shown that people actually want to know what they do well, what they need to improve, and what others believe their strengths and weaknesses are. Most people want to do a good job or be a good spouse or friend and are oftentimes eager to improve. So the trick to providing criticism as a good anger management technique is to redefine it as something that emphasizes teaching rather than finding fault and running someone down.
In the book, "Criticism Management: How to More Effectively Give, Receive, and Seek Criticism in Our Lives" Randy Garner outlines an alternate definition of criticism that he calls "G.R.I.P.E." which emphasizes criticism as an opportunity to provide useful information which helps another Grow, Recover, Improve, Prosper and Excel (G.R.I.P.E.).
What makes for Good Criticism?
Garner feels that the goal of criticism should be to help the recipient G.R.I.P.E. The aim is neither to belittle the person you are criticizing nor to inflate your ego; instead it is offered in a spirit of assistance.
Constructive criticism is:
1) Problem-focused, not personal
2) Specific, not vague
3) Descriptive, rather than judgmental or blaming
What makes for bad criticism?
The goal of someone who uses destructive criticism is to make you look bad, manipulate you for their own benefit, or to make themself appear better, smarter, or more powerful than you. In short, the goal is not improvement or helping, but to injure your self-esteem. Destructive criticism may be given to show "who's the boss," or demean the other person.
Destructive criticism is:
1) Often personally focused
2) Overly general or vague
3) Focused on judgment and blame
4) Offered without the best interests of the recipient in mind
Criticism Techniques for Anger Management
1) "Explain as if the Other Person Doesn't Know" Anger Management Technique
With this anger management technique criticism is intentionally worded to act as if the person does not know the right way to do something through no fault of their own. For example, you might start out by saying something like "You may not know this, however, we need to have..." or "You may not be aware , of this, however all of these need to be approved before they are sent out." This approach keeps the other person from feeling defensive which makes it much less likely they will become angry.
2) The "Demonstration" Anger Management Technique
One of the best ways to offer criticism is by showing them how you do it. Demonstrating the right approach can be very helpful in keeping someone from becoming angry. This not only communicates that you are willing to lend a hand; it allows you to offer criticism in a way that helps the other improve. Scientific research has shown that people learn fastest and show the most improvement through having someone model the proper way to do something for them. Athletes and executives both use coaches to teach them to be more effective.
3) "Poop Sandwich" Anger Management Technique
You probably know this technique by another name. This three step technique involves starting out by saying something positive about the person. Even if they are totally screwing up you might be able to praise their effort and say something like "I totally see you out there working hard and trying your best". Then in the middle you slip in what you are unhappy about or what the person is doing wrong. Then you top it off by telling them how to improve and either using the demonstration anger management technique to make sure they have it down or by simply praising them and saying that you have faith that they can do this. You start and finish on high notes, which cushioning the criticism (aka "poop") in the middle
Offering criticism can be even more stressful than receiving it. Studies have shown that people who are about to offer criticism are often concerned that they or the other person may get angry at them and that they will not know how to manage that other person's anger.
One way to avoid all this stress and anger is to redefine criticism. A number of research studies have shown that people actually want to know what they do well, what they need to improve, and what others believe their strengths and weaknesses are. Most people want to do a good job or be a good spouse or friend and are oftentimes eager to improve. So the trick to providing criticism as a good anger management technique is to redefine it as something that emphasizes teaching rather than finding fault and running someone down.
In the book, "Criticism Management: How to More Effectively Give, Receive, and Seek Criticism in Our Lives" Randy Garner outlines an alternate definition of criticism that he calls "G.R.I.P.E." which emphasizes criticism as an opportunity to provide useful information which helps another Grow, Recover, Improve, Prosper and Excel (G.R.I.P.E.).
What makes for Good Criticism?
Garner feels that the goal of criticism should be to help the recipient G.R.I.P.E. The aim is neither to belittle the person you are criticizing nor to inflate your ego; instead it is offered in a spirit of assistance.
Constructive criticism is:
1) Problem-focused, not personal
2) Specific, not vague
3) Descriptive, rather than judgmental or blaming
What makes for bad criticism?
The goal of someone who uses destructive criticism is to make you look bad, manipulate you for their own benefit, or to make themself appear better, smarter, or more powerful than you. In short, the goal is not improvement or helping, but to injure your self-esteem. Destructive criticism may be given to show "who's the boss," or demean the other person.
Destructive criticism is:
1) Often personally focused
2) Overly general or vague
3) Focused on judgment and blame
4) Offered without the best interests of the recipient in mind
Criticism Techniques for Anger Management
1) "Explain as if the Other Person Doesn't Know" Anger Management Technique
With this anger management technique criticism is intentionally worded to act as if the person does not know the right way to do something through no fault of their own. For example, you might start out by saying something like "You may not know this, however, we need to have..." or "You may not be aware , of this, however all of these need to be approved before they are sent out." This approach keeps the other person from feeling defensive which makes it much less likely they will become angry.
2) The "Demonstration" Anger Management Technique
One of the best ways to offer criticism is by showing them how you do it. Demonstrating the right approach can be very helpful in keeping someone from becoming angry. This not only communicates that you are willing to lend a hand; it allows you to offer criticism in a way that helps the other improve. Scientific research has shown that people learn fastest and show the most improvement through having someone model the proper way to do something for them. Athletes and executives both use coaches to teach them to be more effective.
3) "Poop Sandwich" Anger Management Technique
You probably know this technique by another name. This three step technique involves starting out by saying something positive about the person. Even if they are totally screwing up you might be able to praise their effort and say something like "I totally see you out there working hard and trying your best". Then in the middle you slip in what you are unhappy about or what the person is doing wrong. Then you top it off by telling them how to improve and either using the demonstration anger management technique to make sure they have it down or by simply praising them and saying that you have faith that they can do this. You start and finish on high notes, which cushioning the criticism (aka "poop") in the middle
Why we Need to Take Risks
| By Ch.hamza
It does not matter if you are a Doctor, a Lawyer or an infantry soldier in the Army if you want to be the best and get ahead, you will need to take risks.
A doctor may have to take risks when working with a patient. The Doctor may have to experiment with different forms of medications or new surgical procedures when all else has failed in an attempt to help the patient.
A lawyer may have to argue a case in an unorthodox manner to win the case, but if the lawyer wants to become the top lawyer and make millions of dollars fighting high profile cases lots of risks have to be taken.
A soldier may have to take a risk and run thru gunfire to save another injured soldier, to complete their mission, or just to secure an area from being overrun by enemy troops, after going days with little to no sleep, but if a soldier wants to get promotions and eventually lead men into battle they also need to take risks.
These risks are not unlike someone looking to get rich in a casino, they have to be willing to risk everything they have to get that million dollar payoff. If you play it safe in a casino you may get lucky and win a big jackpot on the slot machines, but if you want to make millions you are going to have to play games such as Poker, Blackjack, Roulette and Craps . These are the games that with some skill, some luck and a lot of risk taking you can retire off your winnings.
The same can be said about life in general. No one gets ahead in life from playing it safe. You will not meet your special someone if you are too afraid to risk getting rejected by someone, you will never get that big promotion unless you take risks at your job.
It is very important to continue to take risks in life. To stop taking risks means to stand still in life. Standing still in life is one of the main causes of depression. These are usually the people afraid to confront the boss and tell him that they demand a raise; they are the ones that allow life to pass them by out of fear. The entire purpose of fear is to stop you from taking a risk.
Fear is nothing more then the unknown. If you have always wanted to quit your job and open a shop but you are too afraid to do it, this is because you are afraid of failing and risking what you already have.
It is important to learn to take risks in life if you want to be happy, you may not always get the things you risked for, but you will know that you tried, and in the end it does not matter in my opinion if you succeed or not it is how many risks you try to make that is the real test of how successful you are.
Just remember if no one took risks we would be a world without flight and probably no automotive vehicles at all, maybe we would have no electricity. So risk truly is needed to improve the world.
A doctor may have to take risks when working with a patient. The Doctor may have to experiment with different forms of medications or new surgical procedures when all else has failed in an attempt to help the patient.
A lawyer may have to argue a case in an unorthodox manner to win the case, but if the lawyer wants to become the top lawyer and make millions of dollars fighting high profile cases lots of risks have to be taken.
A soldier may have to take a risk and run thru gunfire to save another injured soldier, to complete their mission, or just to secure an area from being overrun by enemy troops, after going days with little to no sleep, but if a soldier wants to get promotions and eventually lead men into battle they also need to take risks.
These risks are not unlike someone looking to get rich in a casino, they have to be willing to risk everything they have to get that million dollar payoff. If you play it safe in a casino you may get lucky and win a big jackpot on the slot machines, but if you want to make millions you are going to have to play games such as Poker, Blackjack, Roulette and Craps . These are the games that with some skill, some luck and a lot of risk taking you can retire off your winnings.
The same can be said about life in general. No one gets ahead in life from playing it safe. You will not meet your special someone if you are too afraid to risk getting rejected by someone, you will never get that big promotion unless you take risks at your job.
It is very important to continue to take risks in life. To stop taking risks means to stand still in life. Standing still in life is one of the main causes of depression. These are usually the people afraid to confront the boss and tell him that they demand a raise; they are the ones that allow life to pass them by out of fear. The entire purpose of fear is to stop you from taking a risk.
Fear is nothing more then the unknown. If you have always wanted to quit your job and open a shop but you are too afraid to do it, this is because you are afraid of failing and risking what you already have.
It is important to learn to take risks in life if you want to be happy, you may not always get the things you risked for, but you will know that you tried, and in the end it does not matter in my opinion if you succeed or not it is how many risks you try to make that is the real test of how successful you are.
Just remember if no one took risks we would be a world without flight and probably no automotive vehicles at all, maybe we would have no electricity. So risk truly is needed to improve the world.
The Psychology of Creativity
| By Ch.hamza
On studying the creative method and also the creative individual to perceive creativity
Creativity is the process of generating novel concepts and is the essential force for all inventions. The process of creation involves seeing new relations between ideas and things and determining distinctive solutions to problems. The creative process is concerning seeing new associations between objects and ideas and therefore the creative person is marked by traits of originality, nonconformity and high levels of knowledge. Once you return out with an acceptable yet unique and totally different resolution to a downside that has not been thought before, you are being creative.
Psychologists have tried to elucidate creativity with several theories. Among these are cognitive theories of creativity (creativity as a cognitive process using mental constructs and structures), behaviorist theories (the environmental and associative nature of artistic ideas), psychoanalytic theories (creativity as neuroticism), social theories (creativity as a social method and role of faculties and family in the event of gifted kids) and temperament theories (emphasizing on personal creative traits).
In the psychology of creativity we tend to must perceive 2 things -firstly the creative method and secondly the inventive individual. Thus the psychology of creativity is regarding:
1. The Inventive Process - this includes the definitions of creativity and therefore the mental processes concerned in creativity.
2. The Artistic Individual - this is about the temperament traits of the inventive individual, the attributes of genius and the peculiarities of the creative personality
Psychological theories have tried to elucidate each the inventive process and also the artistic individual.
The Process of Creativity - Thus what's creativity and what's the mechanism through which individuals really create new ideas, solutions or ideas? According to several theorists, creativity is about probability or serendipity or making discoveries by 'accident'. Thus the artistic method, according to the present rationalization is an 'accident'. This implies that whereas you are making an attempt out many methods, a best technique or a resolution to your drawback arises out of nowhere and by probability you discover something totally unique. Some people would recommend that the artistic method is a lot of of making an attempt to find out new relations between older known ideas so this is less about originality and more about 'experience'. The a lot of experienced you're in a specific subject space, the more likely you're to contemplate inventive solutions. Creativity has additionally been described as a moment of 'insight'. It's nearly like enlightenment and divine intervention and a flash and the trick is to prolong this moment and artistic individuals are people who will develop their sudden insights. Therefore the creative method will be concerning a sudden probability, novel use of the knowledge/ experience or a sudden insight. The inventive process so involves using many prospects/methods and past experiences to arrive at sudden solutions through insights or accidents.
In 1926, Graham Wallas described stages of creativity in which a creative plan is initial ready, then internalized through incubation, when which the inventive individual uses the illumination or insight to finally undergo the verification method of applying the idea. Psychologist JP Guilford explained creativity along with his concept of convergent and divergent thinking and convergent thinking is about attempting to search out the only correct resolution to a drawback and divergent thinking is that the generation of multiple creative solutions to a problem. Creativity is thus characterized by divergent thinking and generation of multiple possibilities. Consistent with the Geneplore model developed by Finke, Ward and Smith (1992), creativity involves two phases - the generative section in that the individual generates constructs from pre-ingenious structures or known processes/ideas and also the exploratory phase in which pre-inventive structures are interpreted to come up with new inventive ideas. Most of these psychological theories seem to be emphasizing on preexisting mental structures through information and experience and using these structures for novel or distinctive solutions. The artistic process is so all regarding insight, 'a sudden flash', virtually sort of a moment of realization and it has been described as serendipity or divine intervention by scientists and artists alike who have tried to described their moment of discovery, although the role of previous data and experience is an equally vital background factor. The scientists and artists are able to appreciate the potential of these 'flashes' and are in a position to recognize, capture and prolong their moments of insight for higher realization of their creative goals.
The Personality in Creativity - This brings us to the query about the traits or temperament factors that create a person creative. Is there a well-outlined creative temperament? In fact, there is. Highly creative people and geniuses have marked similar traits and though every person is artistic in one means or the opposite, some individuals truly develop their creativity too well and therefore they are recognized as inventive geniuses. Psychologists believe that all highly creative individuals have bound common personality traits.
1. Complexity - The artistic individuals love advanced situations and problems as this provides a challenge to their own mental skills and help them to consider many potential solutions
2. Flexibility - Highly inventive individuals are extremely open-minded and receptive to new concepts and prospects that help them to move beyond ancient modes of thinking
3. Confidence - Boldness and confidence mark the inventive genius as so as to be a pioneer, one has to possess leadership qualities, extreme self-confidence and artistic geniuses are leaders as they show a brand new path and open new potentialities
4. Non-conformity - The creative process itself is an act of non-conformity therefore inventive individuals are non-conformists and unconventional.
5. Intuition - Highly inventive people are extraordinarily intuitive and they will scare you with their ability to browse minds and individuals's thoughts. That's how they'll create as they need to understand the order of things and will be able to predict folks's responses.
6. Sensitivity - Creative people have well developed sensitivity as without extreme sensitivity, it is not potential to feel and portray the emotions through inventive work. A novelist has to know 'how it feels' to be character in his novel otherwise he cannot produce a good novel.
7. Curiosity - An insatiable kid-like curiosity for almost everything around them is what characterizes the artistic genius. The creative individual needs to know and learn new things and is persistently asking questions and this is the fuel for artistic growth.
8. Information - Closely related to curiosity, artistic people have terribly smart general data as they need to use this information in their creative pursuits. That is why artistic folks are usually interested in several subject areas.
9. Independence - One trait that undoubtedly characterizes terribly high inventive geniuses is their independence of thought. This can be again connected to leadership and nonconformity as so as to think independently, one has to maneuver beyond norms.
10. Imagination - The artistic person lives in his own world of imagination and includes a very highly developed and enriched mental life and whether or not grounded, sometimes thrives on fantasies.
11. Impulsiveness - Since the artistic process is a sudden realization, the creative individual incorporates a love for suddenness and loves to figure on impulse. Creating something new is an adventure so impulsiveness that may be recklessness or adventurousness makes the creative individual a compulsive risk-taker.
12. Criticism - Highly inventive individuals also are very essential both of themselves and of others. They criticize others and that's how they take new methods and they are additionally vulnerable to extreme self-criticism.
13. Fluency - The artistic person has an extraordinarily fluent thought method and includes a prolific range of ideas
14. Charm - The genius is typically characterised by a humorous nature, extreme charm and private attractiveness and a 'presence' that produces them widespread and enticing to all or any kinds of people.
15. Egoism - Highly creative individuals usually have a 'me first' perspective and are nearly invariably narcissists or marked by extreme egoism, although they will be very generous and might not reveal their egoism for social reasons and many even transcend the self boundary and work for bigger causes.
16. Originality - Artistic people have a love for the novel and the unique and try moving beyond established ideas to seek out one thing radically totally different
17. Disorder - A love for disorder is common among all creative folks as they are apparently uninterested in order or any predictable course of events
18. Ambiguity - Uncertainty is terribly enticing for inventive individuals and that they love the ambiguous or when there are 2 or more ways of explaining a drawback, especially as a result of this offers them freedom of thought and expression.
19. Loneliness - The artistic individual is sometimes a loner and consistent with psychoanalysis, also a neurotic. The genius is perennially isolated from society and being terribly uncomfortable with social norms, they have an inclination to avoid social interaction. Political and social leaders are but more socially active than the artistic artist and author, though some tend to guide reclusive lives.
20. Motivation - The artistic people are very motivated, nearly driven by a way of upper purpose in life. They are during a manner self aware and enlightened and several of them seem to believe in an unexplained (divine) purpose of existence.
There are in fact different traits as artistic people are characterised by hyperactivity and obsession with their work, high nonetheless sublimated sexual drives, and in line with psychologist Sternberg, wisdom instead of merely intelligence.
The creative method and creative individual naturally leads the discussion to anomalies in creativity. Thus currently finally, some words concerning the connection between madness and creativity. Creativity has been closely related to mental illness and the highly artistic people are thought of prone to mental disorders. Of course all creative geniuses could be susceptible to bipolar disorder or schizophrenia and creativity itself is a type of neuroticism. Nonetheless I would counsel that while inventive geniuses have propensity towards mental illness, their inventive outlet could be a very sturdy tool that helps them to maintain sanity. So considering the inbuilt defense mechanisms that inventive people have, it is highly unlikely that such people would actually become completely insane. Though there are various exceptions as the artistic genius could develop extreme sense of inadequacy and loneliness and may truly show severe mental problems. However in most cases, artistic geniuses aren't afraid to stretch their minds, thoughts and behavior too way on nearly reach the boundaries of sanity, thus they're branded as 'weird' or 'eccentric'. However these folks are extraordinarily robust as a result of they are self-aware and are blessed with the power of controlling their mind and sanity. Thus when the whole world is terrified of their perceived madness, they're not. The difference between a madman and a genius is that the genius controls his own madness and will opt for to become sane or insane at his own free will.
Creativity is the process of generating novel concepts and is the essential force for all inventions. The process of creation involves seeing new relations between ideas and things and determining distinctive solutions to problems. The creative process is concerning seeing new associations between objects and ideas and therefore the creative person is marked by traits of originality, nonconformity and high levels of knowledge. Once you return out with an acceptable yet unique and totally different resolution to a downside that has not been thought before, you are being creative.
Psychologists have tried to elucidate creativity with several theories. Among these are cognitive theories of creativity (creativity as a cognitive process using mental constructs and structures), behaviorist theories (the environmental and associative nature of artistic ideas), psychoanalytic theories (creativity as neuroticism), social theories (creativity as a social method and role of faculties and family in the event of gifted kids) and temperament theories (emphasizing on personal creative traits).
In the psychology of creativity we tend to must perceive 2 things -firstly the creative method and secondly the inventive individual. Thus the psychology of creativity is regarding:
1. The Inventive Process - this includes the definitions of creativity and therefore the mental processes concerned in creativity.
2. The Artistic Individual - this is about the temperament traits of the inventive individual, the attributes of genius and the peculiarities of the creative personality
Psychological theories have tried to elucidate each the inventive process and also the artistic individual.
The Process of Creativity - Thus what's creativity and what's the mechanism through which individuals really create new ideas, solutions or ideas? According to several theorists, creativity is about probability or serendipity or making discoveries by 'accident'. Thus the artistic method, according to the present rationalization is an 'accident'. This implies that whereas you are making an attempt out many methods, a best technique or a resolution to your drawback arises out of nowhere and by probability you discover something totally unique. Some people would recommend that the artistic method is a lot of of making an attempt to find out new relations between older known ideas so this is less about originality and more about 'experience'. The a lot of experienced you're in a specific subject space, the more likely you're to contemplate inventive solutions. Creativity has additionally been described as a moment of 'insight'. It's nearly like enlightenment and divine intervention and a flash and the trick is to prolong this moment and artistic individuals are people who will develop their sudden insights. Therefore the creative method will be concerning a sudden probability, novel use of the knowledge/ experience or a sudden insight. The inventive process so involves using many prospects/methods and past experiences to arrive at sudden solutions through insights or accidents.
In 1926, Graham Wallas described stages of creativity in which a creative plan is initial ready, then internalized through incubation, when which the inventive individual uses the illumination or insight to finally undergo the verification method of applying the idea. Psychologist JP Guilford explained creativity along with his concept of convergent and divergent thinking and convergent thinking is about attempting to search out the only correct resolution to a drawback and divergent thinking is that the generation of multiple creative solutions to a problem. Creativity is thus characterized by divergent thinking and generation of multiple possibilities. Consistent with the Geneplore model developed by Finke, Ward and Smith (1992), creativity involves two phases - the generative section in that the individual generates constructs from pre-ingenious structures or known processes/ideas and also the exploratory phase in which pre-inventive structures are interpreted to come up with new inventive ideas. Most of these psychological theories seem to be emphasizing on preexisting mental structures through information and experience and using these structures for novel or distinctive solutions. The artistic process is so all regarding insight, 'a sudden flash', virtually sort of a moment of realization and it has been described as serendipity or divine intervention by scientists and artists alike who have tried to described their moment of discovery, although the role of previous data and experience is an equally vital background factor. The scientists and artists are able to appreciate the potential of these 'flashes' and are in a position to recognize, capture and prolong their moments of insight for higher realization of their creative goals.
The Personality in Creativity - This brings us to the query about the traits or temperament factors that create a person creative. Is there a well-outlined creative temperament? In fact, there is. Highly creative people and geniuses have marked similar traits and though every person is artistic in one means or the opposite, some individuals truly develop their creativity too well and therefore they are recognized as inventive geniuses. Psychologists believe that all highly creative individuals have bound common personality traits.
1. Complexity - The artistic individuals love advanced situations and problems as this provides a challenge to their own mental skills and help them to consider many potential solutions
2. Flexibility - Highly inventive individuals are extremely open-minded and receptive to new concepts and prospects that help them to move beyond ancient modes of thinking
3. Confidence - Boldness and confidence mark the inventive genius as so as to be a pioneer, one has to possess leadership qualities, extreme self-confidence and artistic geniuses are leaders as they show a brand new path and open new potentialities
4. Non-conformity - The creative process itself is an act of non-conformity therefore inventive individuals are non-conformists and unconventional.
5. Intuition - Highly inventive people are extraordinarily intuitive and they will scare you with their ability to browse minds and individuals's thoughts. That's how they'll create as they need to understand the order of things and will be able to predict folks's responses.
6. Sensitivity - Creative people have well developed sensitivity as without extreme sensitivity, it is not potential to feel and portray the emotions through inventive work. A novelist has to know 'how it feels' to be character in his novel otherwise he cannot produce a good novel.
7. Curiosity - An insatiable kid-like curiosity for almost everything around them is what characterizes the artistic genius. The creative individual needs to know and learn new things and is persistently asking questions and this is the fuel for artistic growth.
8. Information - Closely related to curiosity, artistic people have terribly smart general data as they need to use this information in their creative pursuits. That is why artistic folks are usually interested in several subject areas.
9. Independence - One trait that undoubtedly characterizes terribly high inventive geniuses is their independence of thought. This can be again connected to leadership and nonconformity as so as to think independently, one has to maneuver beyond norms.
10. Imagination - The artistic person lives in his own world of imagination and includes a very highly developed and enriched mental life and whether or not grounded, sometimes thrives on fantasies.
11. Impulsiveness - Since the artistic process is a sudden realization, the creative individual incorporates a love for suddenness and loves to figure on impulse. Creating something new is an adventure so impulsiveness that may be recklessness or adventurousness makes the creative individual a compulsive risk-taker.
12. Criticism - Highly inventive individuals also are very essential both of themselves and of others. They criticize others and that's how they take new methods and they are additionally vulnerable to extreme self-criticism.
13. Fluency - The artistic person has an extraordinarily fluent thought method and includes a prolific range of ideas
14. Charm - The genius is typically characterised by a humorous nature, extreme charm and private attractiveness and a 'presence' that produces them widespread and enticing to all or any kinds of people.
15. Egoism - Highly creative individuals usually have a 'me first' perspective and are nearly invariably narcissists or marked by extreme egoism, although they will be very generous and might not reveal their egoism for social reasons and many even transcend the self boundary and work for bigger causes.
16. Originality - Artistic people have a love for the novel and the unique and try moving beyond established ideas to seek out one thing radically totally different
17. Disorder - A love for disorder is common among all creative folks as they are apparently uninterested in order or any predictable course of events
18. Ambiguity - Uncertainty is terribly enticing for inventive individuals and that they love the ambiguous or when there are 2 or more ways of explaining a drawback, especially as a result of this offers them freedom of thought and expression.
19. Loneliness - The artistic individual is sometimes a loner and consistent with psychoanalysis, also a neurotic. The genius is perennially isolated from society and being terribly uncomfortable with social norms, they have an inclination to avoid social interaction. Political and social leaders are but more socially active than the artistic artist and author, though some tend to guide reclusive lives.
20. Motivation - The artistic people are very motivated, nearly driven by a way of upper purpose in life. They are during a manner self aware and enlightened and several of them seem to believe in an unexplained (divine) purpose of existence.
There are in fact different traits as artistic people are characterised by hyperactivity and obsession with their work, high nonetheless sublimated sexual drives, and in line with psychologist Sternberg, wisdom instead of merely intelligence.
The creative method and creative individual naturally leads the discussion to anomalies in creativity. Thus currently finally, some words concerning the connection between madness and creativity. Creativity has been closely related to mental illness and the highly artistic people are thought of prone to mental disorders. Of course all creative geniuses could be susceptible to bipolar disorder or schizophrenia and creativity itself is a type of neuroticism. Nonetheless I would counsel that while inventive geniuses have propensity towards mental illness, their inventive outlet could be a very sturdy tool that helps them to maintain sanity. So considering the inbuilt defense mechanisms that inventive people have, it is highly unlikely that such people would actually become completely insane. Though there are various exceptions as the artistic genius could develop extreme sense of inadequacy and loneliness and may truly show severe mental problems. However in most cases, artistic geniuses aren't afraid to stretch their minds, thoughts and behavior too way on nearly reach the boundaries of sanity, thus they're branded as 'weird' or 'eccentric'. However these folks are extraordinarily robust as a result of they are self-aware and are blessed with the power of controlling their mind and sanity. Thus when the whole world is terrified of their perceived madness, they're not. The difference between a madman and a genius is that the genius controls his own madness and will opt for to become sane or insane at his own free will.
How To Tell If People Are Lying
| By Ch.hamza
People lie on many occasions. They are available in every sphere of life. Sometimes they lie knowingly and sometimes intentionally and on few occasions according to circumstances. Many people lie with confidence without batting the eyelid, some use sunglasses to evade eye contact. When a person tells a lie, the eyes betray and show the emotion. However, it is not expected from a regular liar or a hardened criminal.
In many occasion, people telling lie are detectable from their blushing cheeks. This is a normal symptom for common people. A sharp and experienced person can see the change of color. Today, modern science has developed several gadgets to detect lie. The thermal camera with high-resolution is the best. This camera is very powerful and picks the rush of blood to the face perfectly. This thermal camera is used to detect liars, criminals and terrorists. Therefore the camera is used in vulnerable places like airport Metro, busy streets and other public places.
Body language may show signs of lying. Avoiding looking into your eyes, carrying nervously or feeling uncomfortable while switching postures, are some of the behavioral symptoms. Slip of tongue and incoherent statement identify a liar. He may try to evade some specific incident even after repeated questions and be on the extreme defensive attitude. This will deduce that the person is trying to protect someone or hiding facts. This technique is the easy way to tell when someone is lying.
Years of research has proved futile to detect a lie by observing nonverbal behavior. Detecting deceit is hard task. Inconsistency in statements is a lie. The statements are then imposed on the people in a tricky way and convincingly. Experienced interrogators can detect a lie easily.
People habitually say that they do not mislead others, but on the other hand, they keep back important information. This is different way of telling a lie. When they are detected telling lies, they become extremely defensive and try to switch the subject abruptly. It is not easy to ascertain a lie from the behavior but your gut feeling alerts you and make you feel that it is a lie.
In many occasion, people telling lie are detectable from their blushing cheeks. This is a normal symptom for common people. A sharp and experienced person can see the change of color. Today, modern science has developed several gadgets to detect lie. The thermal camera with high-resolution is the best. This camera is very powerful and picks the rush of blood to the face perfectly. This thermal camera is used to detect liars, criminals and terrorists. Therefore the camera is used in vulnerable places like airport Metro, busy streets and other public places.
Body language may show signs of lying. Avoiding looking into your eyes, carrying nervously or feeling uncomfortable while switching postures, are some of the behavioral symptoms. Slip of tongue and incoherent statement identify a liar. He may try to evade some specific incident even after repeated questions and be on the extreme defensive attitude. This will deduce that the person is trying to protect someone or hiding facts. This technique is the easy way to tell when someone is lying.
Years of research has proved futile to detect a lie by observing nonverbal behavior. Detecting deceit is hard task. Inconsistency in statements is a lie. The statements are then imposed on the people in a tricky way and convincingly. Experienced interrogators can detect a lie easily.
People habitually say that they do not mislead others, but on the other hand, they keep back important information. This is different way of telling a lie. When they are detected telling lies, they become extremely defensive and try to switch the subject abruptly. It is not easy to ascertain a lie from the behavior but your gut feeling alerts you and make you feel that it is a lie.
